AppleScript MCP Server

A Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that enables LLM clients to interact with macOS applications through AppleScript. Built using the @beyondbetter/bb-mcp-server library, this server provides safe, controlled execution of predefined scripts with optional support for arbitrary script execution.

Features

• 🔒 Safe by Default: Arbitrary script execution disabled by default
• 📦 Plugin Architecture: Modular design with task-focused plugins
• 🛠️ Standard Tools: Read dictionaries, check permissions, Finder operations
• 📝 BBEdit Integration: Create notebooks and projects
• ⏱️ Timeout Protection: Configurable timeouts with hard limits
• 📄 Structured Errors: Consistent error handling with LLM-friendly hints
• 📊 Performance: Support for both compiled and template-based scripts

Prerequisites

• Deno: Version 2.5.0 or later
• macOS: Required for AppleScript execution
• Applications: Any macOS application that supports AppleEvents (scriptable applications)
  • Examples: Finder (built-in), BBEdit, Mail, Safari, etc.
  • This server includes plugins for Finder and BBEdit by default
  • You can create plugins for any scriptable application

Quick Start

Option 1: Run Directly from JSR (Recommended)

No installation required! Just Deno and a config file.

1. Install Deno (if needed)

curl -fsSL https://deno.land/install.sh | sh

2. Configure in Beyond Better

Global Configuration (applies to all projects):

1. Open BB Settings
2. Go to "MCP Servers" tab
3. Click "Configure Servers"
4. Add new server with:
   • Server ID: applescript
   • Display Name: AppleScript Tools
   • Transport Type: STDIO (Local Process)
   • Command: deno
   • Arguments:

     run
     --allow-all
     --unstable-kv
     jsr:@beyondbetter/bb-applescript-mcp-server
     

Project-Level Configuration (specific project only):

1. Open your project in BB
2. Go to Project Settings → "MCP Servers"
3. Enable server for AppleScript Tools

3. Start Using

That's it! The server runs directly from JSR with no download or installation needed.

{
	"mcpServers": {
		"applescript": {
			"command": "deno",
			"args": [
				"run",
				"--allow-all",
				"--unstable-kv",
				"jsr:@beyondbetter/bb-applescript-mcp-server"
			]
		}
	}
}

4. Optional: Configuration

By default, the server runs with safe defaults:

• Arbitrary script execution: disabled
• All standard plugins: enabled
• Default timeouts: 30s default, 5min max

To customize, add environment variables in BB's MCP server configuration:

In BB Settings → MCP Servers → Edit Server → Environment Variables:

Option 2: Run from Local Repository

For development or customization:

1. Clone and Setup

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/your-username/bb-mcp-applescript.git
cd bb-mcp-applescript/server

# Copy environment template
cp .env.example .env

2. Configure Environment

Edit .env to customize:

# Basic Configuration
MCP_TRANSPORT=stdio
LOG_LEVEL=info

# Plugin Control
PLUGINS_ALLOWED_LIST=        # Empty = load all plugins
PLUGINS_BLOCKED_LIST=        # Block specific plugins

# Safety (IMPORTANT)
ENABLE_ARBITRARY_SCRIPTS=false  # Set to true to enable run_script tool

# Timeouts
APPLESCRIPT_TIMEOUT_DEFAULT=30000   # 30 seconds
APPLESCRIPT_TIMEOUT_MAX=300000      # 5 minutes

3. Run the Server

# Development mode (with auto-reload)
deno task dev

# Production mode
deno task start

4. Configure in Beyond Better

Global Configuration:

1. Open BB Settings (or Project Settings)
2. Go to "MCP Servers" tab
3. Add new server:
   • Server ID: applescript
   • Display Name: AppleScript Tools (Local Dev)
   • Transport Type: STDIO (Local Process)
   • Command: deno
   • Arguments:

     run
     --allow-all
     --unstable-kv
     /absolute/path/to/bb-mcp-applescript/server/main.ts
     

   • Environment Variables (optional):
     • LOG_LEVEL: debug
     • ENABLE_ARBITRARY_SCRIPTS: false

{
	"mcpServers": {
		"applescript": {
			"command": "deno",
			"args": [
				"run",
				"--allow-all",
				"--unstable-kv",
				"/absolute/path/to/bb-mcp-applescript/server/main.ts"
			]
		}
	}
}

Project Structure

server/
├── main.ts                          # Server entry point
├── deno.jsonc                       # Deno configuration
├── .env.example                     # Environment template
├── mcp_server_instructions.md       # LLM context/instructions
├── src/
│   ├── plugins/
│   │   ├── standard.plugin/         # Standard tools plugin
│   │   │   ├── plugin.ts            # Plugin implementation
│   │   │   └── scripts/             # AppleScript files
│   │   │       ├── read_dictionary.applescript
│   │   │       ├── check_permissions.applescript
│   │   │       └── finder/
│   │   │           ├── set_file_label.applescript
│   │   │           ├── get_file_label.applescript
│   │   │           ├── get_file_info_extended.applescript
│   │   │           ├── reveal_in_finder.applescript
│   │   │           └── get_selection.applescript
│   │   └── bbedit.plugin/           # BBEdit tools plugin
│   │       ├── plugin.ts
│   │       └── scripts/
│   │           ├── create_notebook.applescript
│   │           └── create_project.applescript
│   └── utils/
│       ├── scriptLoader.ts          # Script loading/discovery
│       ├── scriptRunner.ts          # Script execution
│       ├── templateRenderer.ts      # Template interpolation
│       └── errorHandler.ts          # Error standardization
└── tests/

Available Tools

AppleScript Tools (Standard Plugin)

🔧 run_script

Status: 🔒 Disabled by default

Execute arbitrary AppleScript code.

Enable: Set ENABLE_ARBITRARY_SCRIPTS=true in .env

Parameters:

• script: AppleScript code to execute
• timeout: Optional timeout in milliseconds

Example:

{
  script: 'tell application "Finder" to get name of startup disk',
  timeout: 5000
}

📖 read_dictionary

Read an application's AppleScript dictionary to understand its scriptable interface.

Parameters:

• application: Application name (e.g., "BBEdit", "Finder")
• filter: Optional filter criteria
  • include.types: Array of types to include
  • include.names: Specific names to include
  • searchTerms: Terms for fuzzy matching
  • format: "full" or "summary" (default: "summary")
• timeout: Optional timeout

Example:

{
  application: "BBEdit",
  filter: {
    include: { names: ["project", "notebook"] },
    searchTerms: ["create"],
    format: "summary"
  }
}

✅ check_applescript_permissions

Check automation permissions for applications.

Parameters:

• applications: Optional array of app names (default: ["Finder", "BBEdit", "Terminal"])
• timeout: Optional timeout

Returns: Permission status for each application with instructions if needed.

Finder Tools (Standard Plugin)

🏷️ set_file_label

Set Finder label colors for files/folders.

Parameters:

• paths: Array of file/folder paths
• labelIndex: 0=None, 1=Red, 2=Orange, 3=Yellow, 4=Green, 5=Blue, 6=Purple, 7=Gray
• timeout: Optional timeout

🏷️ get_file_label

Get Finder label colors for files/folders.

Parameters:

• paths: Array of file/folder paths
• timeout: Optional timeout

📊 get_file_info_extended

Get detailed file information including Spotlight comments, tags, labels, etc.

Parameters:

• path: File or folder path
• timeout: Optional timeout

🔍 reveal_in_finder

Reveal and select files/folders in Finder.

Parameters:

• paths: Array of paths to reveal
• timeout: Optional timeout

📋 get_finder_selection

Get currently selected items in Finder.

Parameters:

• timeout: Optional timeout

BBEdit Tools (BBEdit Plugin)

📓 create_bbedit_notebook

Create a new BBEdit notebook.

Parameters:

• name: Notebook name (required)
• location: Optional save location (default: ~/Documents/BBEdit Notebooks/)
• content: Optional array of content items
  • type: "text" or "file"
  • data: Text content or file path
• open: Whether to open after creation (default: true)
• timeout: Optional timeout

Example:

{
  name: "Project Notes",
  content: [
    { type: "text", data: "Meeting notes..." },
    { type: "file", data: "/path/to/notes.txt" }
  ],
  open: true
}

📁 create_bbedit_project

Create a new BBEdit project.

Parameters:

• name: Project name (required)
• location: Optional save location (default: ~/Documents/BBEdit Projects/)
• items: Optional array of file/folder paths to add
• settings: Optional project settings (reserved for future)
• open: Whether to open after creation (default: true)
• timeout: Optional timeout

Example:

{
  name: "Website Project",
  items: [
    "/Users/username/Projects/website/src",
    "/Users/username/Projects/website/docs"
  ],
  open: true
}

Plugin Management

Plugin Loading Strategy

This server uses a hybrid plugin loading approach that automatically adapts to the runtime environment:

• JSR Mode: When running from JSR (e.g., jsr:@beyondbetter/bb-applescript-mcp-server):

  • Built-in plugins (standard-tools, bbedit) are statically loaded
  • User plugins can be loaded from local directories via PLUGINS_DISCOVERY_PATHS
  • Allows users to extend the server with custom plugins

• Local Mode: When running from a local directory:

  • Built-in plugins are statically loaded as fallback
  • Dynamic discovery enabled by default
  • Hot-reload support during development

The server automatically detects which mode it's running in and configures plugin loading appropriately. No configuration is needed - it just works!

📖 For technical details, see Plugin Loading Documentation

Adding Custom Plugins

You can add your own plugins even when running from JSR:

1. Create a plugin directory: mkdir ~/my-applescript-plugins
2. Add your plugin files (see plugin guide)
3. Set environment variable: PLUGINS_DISCOVERY_PATHS=/path/to/your/plugins
4. Restart the server

Your custom plugins will be discovered and loaded alongside the built-in plugins.

Loading Plugins

Plugins are auto-discovered from src/plugins/ directory (local mode) or statically loaded (JSR mode).

Load all plugins (default):

PLUGINS_ALLOWED_LIST=
PLUGINS_BLOCKED_LIST=

Load specific plugins only:

PLUGINS_ALLOWED_LIST=standard,bbedit
PLUGINS_BLOCKED_LIST=

Load all except specific plugins:

PLUGINS_ALLOWED_LIST=
PLUGINS_BLOCKED_LIST=experimental

Creating Custom Plugins

Plugins allow you to add tools for any scriptable macOS application. See the complete guide:

📝 Creating Plugins Guide

Quick example for a Mail.app plugin:

// src/plugins/mail.plugin/plugin.ts
import { AppPlugin, ToolRegistry, z } from 'jsr:@beyondbetter/bb-mcp-server';
import { findAndExecuteScript } from '../../utils/scriptLoader.ts';

export default {
	name: 'mail',
	version: '1.0.0',
	description: 'Tools for Mail.app',
	workflows: [],
	tools: [],

	async initialize(dependencies, toolRegistry, workflowRegistry) {
		const pluginDir = getPluginDir();
		
		toolRegistry.registerTool(
			'send_email',
			{
				title: 'Send Email',
				description: 'Create an email in Mail.app',
				category: 'Mail',
				inputSchema: {
					to: z.string().email().describe('Recipient'),
					subject: z.string().describe('Subject'),
					body: z.string().describe('Body'),
				},
			},
			async (args) => {
				// Runs scripts/send_email.applescript with template variables
				return await findAndExecuteScript(
					pluginDir,
					'send_email',
					{ to: args.to, subject: args.subject, body: args.body }
				);
			},
		);
	},
} as AppPlugin;

The guide covers:

• Plugin structure and file naming
• AppleScript template variables
• Multiple tools per plugin
• Error handling and debugging
• Complete working examples

Script Development

Template Scripts

Use template variables in .applescript files:

-- my_script.applescript
tell application "Finder"
    set file label of (POSIX file ${filePath} as alias) to ${labelIndex}
end tell

Variables are automatically escaped and type-converted:

• Strings: Wrapped in quotes, escaped
• Arrays: Converted to AppleScript lists: {"item1", "item2"}
• Objects: Converted to AppleScript records: {key:"value"}
• null/undefined: Converted to missing value

Compiled Scripts

For better performance, use compiled scripts:

# Compile an AppleScript
osacompile -o my_script.scpt my_script.applescript

Compiled scripts run directly without compilation overhead.

Error Handling

All tools return consistent error structures:

{
	"success": false,
	"error": {
		"type": "permission|timeout|script_error|system_error|disabled",
		"message": "Human-readable error",
		"code": "ERR_CODE",
		"hint": "LLM-friendly suggestion",
		"details": "Technical details"
	},
	"metadata": {
		"executionTime": 123,
		"scriptPath": "/path/to/script",
		"timeoutUsed": 30000
	}
}

Common Issues

Permission Denied

Solution: Grant automation permissions

1. Use check_applescript_permissions to identify which apps need permissions
2. Go to System Settings > Privacy & Security > Automation
3. Enable automation for the MCP server process

Script Timeouts

Solution: Increase timeout or optimize script

• Set higher timeout parameter
• Check APPLESCRIPT_TIMEOUT_MAX configuration
• Break complex operations into smaller scripts

run_script Disabled

Solution: Enable in configuration

• Set ENABLE_ARBITRARY_SCRIPTS=true in .env
• Restart server
• Be aware of security implications

Security Considerations

1. 🔒 Arbitrary Scripts: Disabled by default. Only enable if you trust the LLM client.
2. 📁 File System: Scripts run with server process permissions.
3. 🎯 Application Control: Can control any app with granted automation permissions.
4. ⏱️ Timeout Limits: Always enforced to prevent runaway scripts.
5. 📝 Error Details: May contain system information. Review error output.

Performance Tips

• Use compiled scripts (.scpt) for frequently-used operations
• Set appropriate timeouts based on operation complexity
• Batch operations when possible (e.g., multiple files at once)
• Cache results for read-only operations (e.g., dictionary reads)

Testing

# Run tests
deno task test

# Run specific test file
deno test tests/scriptRunner.test.ts

Contributing

This is a showcase example for the @beyondbetter/bb-mcp-server library.

Contributions welcome:

1. Fork the repository
2. Create a feature branch
3. Add tests for new functionality
4. Submit a pull request

License

MIT License - see LICENSE file for details

Related Projects

• bb-mcp-server: The MCP server library powering this project
• Model Context Protocol: The protocol specification

Support

• Issues: GitHub Issues
• Discussions: GitHub Discussions
• Library Docs: bb-mcp-server Documentation

Built with @beyondbetter/bb-mcp-server - A powerful framework for building MCP servers with plugins, workflows, and OAuth support.