Open-Meteo MCP Server

A comprehensive Model Context Protocol (MCP) server that provides access to Open-Meteo weather APIs for use with Large Language Models.

Features

This MCP server provides complete access to Open-Meteo APIs, including:

Core Weather APIs

• Weather Forecast (weather_forecast) - 7-day forecasts with hourly and daily resolution
• Weather Archive (weather_archive) - Historical ERA5 data from 1940 to present
• Air Quality (air_quality) - PM2.5, PM10, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, pollen, European/US AQI indices, UV index and other pollutants
• Marine Weather (marine_weather) - Wave height, wave period, wave direction and sea surface temperature
• Elevation (elevation) - Digital elevation model data for given coordinates
• Geocoding (geocoding) - Search locations worldwide by name or postal code, get coordinates and detailed location information

Specialized Weather Models

• DWD ICON (dwd_icon_forecast) - German weather service high-resolution model for Europe
• NOAA GFS (gfs_forecast) - US weather service global model with high-resolution North America data
• Météo-France (meteofrance_forecast) - French weather service AROME and ARPEGE models
• ECMWF (ecmwf_forecast) - European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts
• JMA (jma_forecast) - Japan Meteorological Agency high-resolution model for Asia
• MET Norway (metno_forecast) - Norwegian weather service for Nordic countries
• Environment Canada GEM (gem_forecast) - Canadian weather service model

Advanced Forecasting Tools

• Flood Forecast (flood_forecast) - River discharge and flood forecasts from GloFAS (Global Flood Awareness System)
• Seasonal Forecast (seasonal_forecast) - Long-range forecasts up to 9 months ahead
• Climate Projections (climate_projection) - CMIP6 climate change projections for different warming scenarios
• Ensemble Forecast (ensemble_forecast) - Multiple model runs showing forecast uncertainty

Installation

Requirements

• Node.js >= 22.0.0

Method 1: Using npx (Recommended)

No installation required! The server will run directly via npx.

Method 2: Global Installation via npm

npm install -g open-meteo-mcp-server

Method 3: From Source (Development)

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/cmer81/open-meteo-mcp.git
cd open-meteo-mcp

# Install dependencies
npm install

# Build the project
npm run build

Configuration

Claude Desktop Configuration

Simple Configuration (Recommended)

Add the following configuration to your Claude Desktop config file:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "open-meteo": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "-p", "open-meteo-mcp-server", "open-meteo-mcp-server"]
    }
  }
}

Full Configuration (with environment variables)

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "open-meteo": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "-p", "open-meteo-mcp-server", "open-meteo-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "OPEN_METEO_API_URL": "https://api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_AIR_QUALITY_API_URL": "https://air-quality-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_MARINE_API_URL": "https://marine-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_ARCHIVE_API_URL": "https://archive-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_SEASONAL_API_URL": "https://seasonal-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_ENSEMBLE_API_URL": "https://ensemble-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_GEOCODING_API_URL": "https://geocoding-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_FLOOD_API_URL": "https://flood-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_CLIMATE_API_URL": "https://climate-api.open-meteo.com"
      }
    }
  }
}

Local Development Configuration

If you're developing locally or installed from source:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "open-meteo": {
      "command": "node",
      "args": ["/path/to/open-meteo-mcp/dist/index.js"],
      "env": {
        "OPEN_METEO_API_URL": "https://api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_AIR_QUALITY_API_URL": "https://air-quality-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_MARINE_API_URL": "https://marine-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_ARCHIVE_API_URL": "https://archive-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_SEASONAL_API_URL": "https://seasonal-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_ENSEMBLE_API_URL": "https://ensemble-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_GEOCODING_API_URL": "https://geocoding-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_FLOOD_API_URL": "https://flood-api.open-meteo.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_CLIMATE_API_URL": "https://climate-api.open-meteo.com"
      }
    }
  }
}

Custom Instance Configuration

If you're using your own Open-Meteo instance:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "open-meteo": {
      "command": "npx",
      "args": ["-y", "-p", "open-meteo-mcp-server", "open-meteo-mcp-server"],
      "env": {
        "OPEN_METEO_API_URL": "https://your-meteo-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_AIR_QUALITY_API_URL": "https://air-quality-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_MARINE_API_URL": "https://marine-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_ARCHIVE_API_URL": "https://archive-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_SEASONAL_API_URL": "https://seasonal-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_ENSEMBLE_API_URL": "https://ensemble-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_GEOCODING_API_URL": "https://geocoding-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_FLOOD_API_URL": "https://flood-api.example.com",
        "OPEN_METEO_CLIMATE_API_URL": "https://climate-api.example.com"
      }
    }
  }
}

Streamable HTTP Transport

The server also supports Streamable HTTP transport for remote deployments. Set the TRANSPORT environment variable to http:

TRANSPORT=http PORT=3000 npx open-meteo-mcp-server

This starts an Express server on the specified port (default: 3000) with the MCP endpoint at /mcp. The HTTP transport supports session management with unique session IDs per client.

For production deployments, enable authentication and rate limiting:

API_KEY=your-secret-key RATE_LIMIT_RPM=60 TRANSPORT=http PORT=3000 npx open-meteo-mcp-server

Clients must then include the key in every request:

Authorization: Bearer your-secret-key
# or
X-API-Key: your-secret-key

Using npm scripts

# Start in HTTP mode (production)
npm run start:http

# Development with auto-reload in HTTP mode
npm run dev:http

Docker Deployment

The server can be easily deployed using Docker.

Using Pre-built Image from GitHub Container Registry (Recommended)

Pull and run the official image:

# Pull the latest image
docker pull ghcr.io/cmer81/open-meteo-mcp:latest

# Run the container
docker run -d \
  --name open-meteo-mcp \
  -p 3000:3000 \
  ghcr.io/cmer81/open-meteo-mcp:latest

# Check health
curl http://localhost:3000/health

Available tags:

• latest - Latest stable release
• v1.x.x - Specific version (e.g., v1.1.3)
• 1 - Latest v1.x.x release
• 1.1 - Latest v1.1.x release

Using Docker Compose

The repository includes two Docker Compose configurations:

Production (uses pre-built image):

# Start with pre-built image from GitHub Container Registry
docker compose up -d

# View logs
docker compose logs -f

# Stop the server
docker compose down

Development (builds from source):

# Build and start from local source
docker compose -f docker-compose.dev.yml up -d

# Rebuild after code changes
docker compose -f docker-compose.dev.yml up -d --build

Building from Source

If you prefer to build the image yourself:

# Build the image
npm run docker:build
# or
docker build -t open-meteo-mcp-server .

# Run the container
npm run docker:run
# or
docker run -p 3000:3000 open-meteo-mcp-server

Environment Configuration

Copy .env.example to .env and customize as needed:

cp .env.example .env
# Edit .env with your configuration

Then update docker-compose.yml to use the .env file or pass environment variables directly.

Health Check

The HTTP server includes a health check endpoint:

curl http://localhost:3000/health
# Response: {"status":"ok"}

This endpoint is used by Docker's HEALTHCHECK and can be integrated with container orchestration platforms (Kubernetes, Docker Swarm, etc.).

Environment Variables

All environment variables are optional and have sensible defaults:

• OPEN_METEO_API_URL - Base URL for Open-Meteo forecast API (default: https://api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_AIR_QUALITY_API_URL - Air quality API URL (default: https://air-quality-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_MARINE_API_URL - Marine weather API URL (default: https://marine-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_ARCHIVE_API_URL - Historical data API URL (default: https://archive-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_SEASONAL_API_URL - Seasonal forecast API URL (default: https://seasonal-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_ENSEMBLE_API_URL - Ensemble forecast API URL (default: https://ensemble-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_GEOCODING_API_URL - Geocoding API URL (default: https://geocoding-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_FLOOD_API_URL - Flood forecast API URL (default: https://flood-api.open-meteo.com)
• OPEN_METEO_CLIMATE_API_URL - Climate projection API URL (default: https://climate-api.open-meteo.com)
• TRANSPORT - Transport mode: http for Streamable HTTP, omit for stdio (default: stdio)
• PORT - HTTP server port when using HTTP transport (default: 3000)

HTTP Transport Security (optional)

• API_KEY - When set, all requests to /mcp must include this key via Authorization: Bearer <key> or X-API-Key: <key>. Leave unset for open access (local/dev mode).
• RATE_LIMIT_RPM - Maximum requests per minute per IP (default: 60). HTTP transport only.
• TRUSTED_PROXIES - Comma-separated list of trusted proxy IPs or CIDR ranges (e.g. 10.0.0.0/8,172.16.0.0/12). When set, X-Forwarded-For is honoured only for requests originating from these addresses. Leave unset to always use the direct connection IP.

Skills

The skills/ directory contains SKILL.md files that help AI assistants use this MCP server effectively. They act as contextual guides — the AI reads the relevant skill to know which tool to call and how to use its parameters.

Available skills

Skill	File	Best for
open-meteo	skills/open-meteo/SKILL.md	Everyday weather: forecasts, historical data, air quality, marine conditions, elevation
open-meteo-advanced	skills/open-meteo-advanced/SKILL.md	Specific models (ECMWF, GFS, DWD ICON…), ensemble uncertainty, seasonal outlooks, climate projections

Using with Claude Code (CLI)

Copy the skill(s) to your Claude skills directory:

cp -r skills/open-meteo ~/.claude/skills/
cp -r skills/open-meteo-advanced ~/.claude/skills/

This installs them at ~/.claude/skills/open-meteo/SKILL.md and ~/.claude/skills/open-meteo-advanced/SKILL.md. Claude Code will load the relevant skill automatically when you ask weather-related questions.

Using with Claude Desktop

Upload the SKILL.md file directly as a document in your Claude Desktop conversation:

• For everyday weather questions: upload skills/open-meteo/SKILL.md
• For model selection, ensemble, or climate projections: upload skills/open-meteo-advanced/SKILL.md

Upload one skill per conversation. The AI will use it as a reference guide throughout the session.

Usage Examples

Geocoding and Location Search

Find the coordinates for Paris, France

Search for locations named "Berlin" and return the top 5 results

What are the coordinates for postal code 75001?

Search for "Lyon" in France only (countryCode: FR) with results in French (language: fr)

Find all cities named "London" in the United Kingdom with English descriptions

Basic Weather Forecast

Can you get me the weather forecast for Paris (48.8566, 2.3522) with temperature, humidity, and precipitation for the next 3 days?

Historical Weather Data

What were the temperatures in London during January 2023?

Air Quality Monitoring

What's the current air quality in Beijing with PM2.5 and ozone levels?

Marine Weather

Get me the wave height and sea surface temperature for coordinates 45.0, -125.0 for the next 5 days.

Flood Monitoring

Check the river discharge forecast for coordinates 52.5, 13.4 for the next 30 days.

Climate Projections

Show me temperature projections for New York from 2050 to 2070 using CMIP6 models.

API Parameters

Required Parameters

• latitude : Latitude in WGS84 coordinate system (-90 to 90)
• longitude : Longitude in WGS84 coordinate system (-180 to 180)

Hourly Weather Variables

• temperature_2m : Temperature at 2 meters
• relative_humidity_2m : Relative humidity
• precipitation : Precipitation
• wind_speed_10m : Wind speed at 10 meters
• wind_direction_10m : Wind direction
• pressure_msl : Mean sea level pressure
• cloud_cover : Cloud cover percentage
• weather_code : Weather condition code
• visibility : Visibility
• uv_index : UV index
• And many more...

Daily Weather Variables

• temperature_2m_max/min : Maximum/minimum temperatures
• precipitation_sum : Total precipitation
• wind_speed_10m_max : Maximum wind speed
• sunrise/sunset : Sunrise and sunset times
• weather_code : Weather condition code
• uv_index_max : Maximum UV index

Air Quality Variables

• pm10 : PM10 particles
• pm2_5 : PM2.5 particles
• carbon_monoxide : Carbon monoxide
• nitrogen_dioxide : Nitrogen dioxide
• ozone : Ozone
• sulphur_dioxide : Sulfur dioxide
• ammonia : Ammonia
• dust : Dust particles
• alder_pollen : Alder pollen (Europe only)
• birch_pollen : Birch pollen (Europe only)
• grass_pollen : Grass pollen (Europe only)
• mugwort_pollen : Mugwort pollen (Europe only)
• olive_pollen : Olive pollen (Europe only)
• ragweed_pollen : Ragweed pollen (Europe only)
• european_aqi : European Air Quality Index
• european_aqi_pm2_5 : European AQI for PM2.5
• european_aqi_pm10 : European AQI for PM10
• european_aqi_nitrogen_dioxide : European AQI for NO₂
• european_aqi_ozone : European AQI for ozone
• european_aqi_sulphur_dioxide : European AQI for SO₂
• us_aqi : US Air Quality Index
• us_aqi_pm2_5 : US AQI for PM2.5
• us_aqi_pm10 : US AQI for PM10
• us_aqi_nitrogen_dioxide : US AQI for NO₂
• us_aqi_ozone : US AQI for ozone
• us_aqi_sulphur_dioxide : US AQI for SO₂
• us_aqi_carbon_monoxide : US AQI for CO
• uv_index : UV index
• uv_index_clear_sky : UV index under clear sky conditions

Marine Weather Variables

• wave_height : Wave height
• wave_direction : Wave direction
• wave_period : Wave period
• wind_wave_height : Wind wave height
• swell_wave_height : Swell wave height
• sea_surface_temperature : Sea surface temperature

Formatting Options

• temperature_unit : celsius, fahrenheit
• wind_speed_unit : kmh, ms, mph, kn
• precipitation_unit : mm, inch
• timezone : Europe/Paris, America/New_York, etc.

Time Range Options

• forecast_days : Number of forecast days (varies by API)
• past_days : Include past days data
• start_date / end_date : Date range for historical data (YYYY-MM-DD format)

Development Scripts

# Development with auto-reload
npm run dev

# Build TypeScript
npm run build

# Start production server
npm start

# Run tests
npm test

# Type checking
npm run typecheck

# Linting
npm run lint

Project Structure

src/
├── index.ts          # MCP server entry point
├── client.ts         # HTTP client for Open-Meteo API
├── tools.ts          # MCP tool definitions
├── types.ts          # Zod validation schemas
└── security.ts       # Auth middleware, rate limiter, IP extraction

API Coverage

This server provides access to all major Open-Meteo endpoints:

Weather Data

• Current weather conditions
• Hourly forecasts (up to 16 days)
• Daily forecasts (up to 16 days)
• Historical weather data (1940-present)

Specialized Models

• High-resolution regional models (DWD ICON, Météo-France AROME)
• Global models (NOAA GFS, ECMWF)
• Regional specialists (JMA for Asia, MET Norway for Nordics)

Environmental Data

• Air quality forecasts
• Marine and ocean conditions
• River discharge and flood warnings
• Climate change projections

Advanced Features

• Ensemble forecasts for uncertainty quantification
• Seasonal forecasts for long-term planning
• Multiple model comparison
• Customizable units and timezones

Error Handling

The server provides comprehensive error handling with detailed error messages for:

• Invalid coordinates
• Missing required parameters
• API rate limits
• Network connectivity issues
• Invalid date ranges

Performance

• Efficient HTTP client with connection pooling
• Optimized data serialization
• Minimal memory footprint

API Documentation

For detailed API documentation, refer to the openapi.yml file and the Open-Meteo API documentation.

Contributing

Contributions are welcome! Please feel free to submit a Pull Request.

Development Setup

1. Fork the repository
2. Clone your fork: git clone https://github.com/your-username/open-meteo-mcp.git
3. Install dependencies: npm install
4. Create a feature branch: git checkout -b feature/amazing-feature
5. Make your changes and add tests
6. Run tests: npm test
7. Commit your changes: git commit -m 'Add amazing feature'
8. Push to the branch: git push origin feature/amazing-feature
9. Open a Pull Request

Releasing

This project uses automated releases via GitHub Actions. To create a new release:

# For a patch release (1.0.0 -> 1.0.1)
npm run release:patch

# For a minor release (1.0.0 -> 1.1.0)
npm run release:minor

# For a major release (1.0.0 -> 2.0.0)
npm run release:major

The GitHub Action will automatically:

• Run tests and build the project
• Publish to npm with provenance
• Create a GitHub release
• Update version badges

License

MIT