looker-mcp-server

A full-featured Model Context Protocol (MCP) server for the Looker API. Gives AI assistants direct access to your Looker instance — querying the semantic model, managing content, editing LookML, and administering users — all through a standard MCP interface.

Features

• 160 tools across 15 groups covering the full Looker API surface
• Semantic layer queries — query through LookML models, not raw SQL
• OAuth pass-through — forward user tokens from an upstream gateway or MCP OAuth flow
• User impersonation — admin sudo on self-hosted Looker, OAuth on Google Cloud core
• Dual transport — stdio for local/CLI use, streamable-http for production deployment
• Selective tool loading — enable only the tool groups you need via --groups
• Pluggable identity — swap in custom authentication via the IdentityProvider protocol
• Health endpoints — /healthz and /readyz for container orchestration

Quick Start

Installation

pip install looker-mcp-server
# or
uv add looker-mcp-server

Environment Variables

At minimum, set your Looker instance URL and API3 credentials:

export LOOKER_BASE_URL="https://mycompany.looker.com"
export LOOKER_CLIENT_ID="your-api3-client-id"
export LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET="your-api3-client-secret"

Run with stdio (for Claude Code, Claude Desktop, etc.)

looker-mcp-server --groups explore,query,schema

Run with HTTP (for production deployment)

LOOKER_TRANSPORT=streamable-http looker-mcp-server --groups all --port 8080

MCP Client Configuration

Claude Code

Add to your Claude Code MCP settings:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "looker": {
      "command": "looker-mcp-server",
      "args": ["--groups", "explore,query,schema,content"],
      "env": {
        "LOOKER_BASE_URL": "https://mycompany.looker.com",
        "LOOKER_CLIENT_ID": "your-client-id",
        "LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET": "your-client-secret"
      }
    }
  }
}

Claude Desktop

Add to ~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json:

{
  "mcpServers": {
    "looker": {
      "command": "looker-mcp-server",
      "args": ["--groups", "explore,query,schema,content"],
      "env": {
        "LOOKER_BASE_URL": "https://mycompany.looker.com",
        "LOOKER_CLIENT_ID": "your-client-id",
        "LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET": "your-client-secret"
      }
    }
  }
}

Tool Groups

Tools are organized into groups that can be selectively enabled. Default groups are marked with *.

Group	Tools	Description
explore*	list_models, get_model, get_explore, list_dimensions, list_measures, list_connections	Browse LookML models, explores, and fields
query*	query, query_sql, run_look, run_dashboard, query_url, search_content	Run queries through the semantic layer
schema*	list_databases, list_schemas, list_tables, list_columns	Inspect underlying database schema
content*	list_looks, create_look, update_look, delete_look, list_dashboards, create_dashboard, update_dashboard, delete_dashboard, add_dashboard_element, add_dashboard_filter, generate_embed_url, validate_content	Manage Looks and dashboards
board	list_boards, get_board, create_board, update_board, delete_board, get_board_section, create_board_section, update_board_section, delete_board_section, get_board_item, create_board_item, update_board_item, delete_board_item	Curate content with boards, sections, and items
folder	list_folders, get_folder, create_folder, update_folder, delete_folder, get_folder_children, get_folder_ancestors, get_folder_looks, get_folder_dashboards	Navigate and manage the folder hierarchy
health*	health_pulse, health_analyze, health_vacuum	Instance health checks and usage analysis
modeling	list_projects, get_project, create_project, update_project, delete_project, get_project_manifest, get_project_deploy_key, create_project_deploy_key, list_project_files, get_file, create_file, update_file, delete_file, validate_project, list_datagroups, reset_datagroup	LookML project lifecycle, file edits, syntax validation, and datagroup cache management
git	get_git_branch, list_git_branches, get_git_branch_by_name, create_git_branch, switch_git_branch, delete_git_branch, deploy_to_production, reset_to_production, get_git_deploy_key, create_git_deploy_key, list_git_connection_tests, run_git_connection_test	Git branch lifecycle, production deploy, SSH deploy-key rotation, and git-connection diagnostics
admin	list_users, get_user, create_user, update_user, delete_user, create_credentials_email, send_password_reset, list_roles, get_role, create_role, update_role, delete_role, get_role_groups, get_role_users, list_permissions, list_permission_sets, create_permission_set, update_permission_set, delete_permission_set, list_model_sets, create_model_set, update_model_set, delete_model_set, list_groups, create_group, delete_group, add_group_user, remove_group_user, set_role_groups, set_role_users, set_user_roles, get_user_roles, list_schedules, create_schedule, update_schedule, delete_schedule, run_schedule_once	User, role, RBAC, group, and schedule management
connection	get_connection, list_connection_dialects, create_connection, update_connection, delete_connection, test_connection	Database connection CRUD and health checks
user_attributes	list_user_attributes, get_user_attribute, create_user_attribute, update_user_attribute, delete_user_attribute, list_user_attribute_group_values, set_user_attribute_group_values, delete_user_attribute_group_value, list_user_attribute_values_for_user, set_user_attribute_user_value, delete_user_attribute_user_value	User attribute definitions plus per-group and per-user value overrides (row-level security, per-developer credentials, filter defaults)
credentials	list_credentials_api3, create_credentials_api3, get_credentials_api3, delete_credentials_api3, get_credentials_ldap, delete_credentials_ldap, get_credentials_saml, delete_credentials_saml, get_credentials_oidc, delete_credentials_oidc, get_credentials_google, delete_credentials_google	Non-email credentials — API3 key-pair rotation plus get/delete for LDAP, SAML, OIDC, and Google SSO links
audit	get_query_history, get_content_usage, get_pdt_build_log, get_schedule_history, get_user_activity_log, list_running_queries, kill_query, list_active_sessions, get_session, terminate_session, list_project_ci_runs, get_project_ci_run, trigger_project_ci_run	Query history, content usage, PDT build + schedule + event logs via system__activity, plus live-ops (running queries, sessions, CI runs)
workflows	provision_connection, bootstrap_lookml_project, deploy_lookml_changes, rollback_to_production, provision_user, grant_access, offboard_user, rotate_api_credentials, audit_query_activity, audit_instance_health, investigate_runaway_queries, find_stale_content, disable_stale_sessions	Task-oriented Layer 2 compositions — provisioning workflows (bootstrap, deploy, provision users) plus ops/audit workflows (offboard, rotate credentials, audit, cleanup)

Selecting Groups

# Default groups only (explore, query, schema, content, health)
looker-mcp-server

# Specific groups
looker-mcp-server --groups explore,query

# All groups (including board, folder, modeling, git, admin, connection, user_attributes, credentials, audit, workflows)
looker-mcp-server --groups all

Configuration Reference

All settings are configured via environment variables with the LOOKER_ prefix, or via a .env file.

Variable	Default	Description
LOOKER_BASE_URL	(required)	Base URL of the Looker instance
LOOKER_CLIENT_ID		API3 client ID for service account
LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET		API3 client secret for service account
LOOKER_API_VERSION	4.0	Looker API version
LOOKER_DEPLOYMENT_TYPE	self_hosted	self_hosted or google_cloud_core
LOOKER_TRANSPORT	stdio	stdio or streamable-http
LOOKER_HOST	0.0.0.0	HTTP bind address
LOOKER_PORT	8080	HTTP port
LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER	true	Enable user impersonation when identity headers are present
LOOKER_SUDO_ASSOCIATIVE	false	Attribute sudo activity to admin (true) or impersonated user (false)
LOOKER_USER_EMAIL_HEADER	X-User-Email	HTTP header carrying user email for sudo impersonation
LOOKER_USER_TOKEN_HEADER	X-User-Token	HTTP header carrying pre-exchanged OAuth token
LOOKER_TIMEOUT	60.0	HTTP request timeout in seconds
LOOKER_MAX_ROWS	5000	Default maximum rows for query tools
LOOKER_VERIFY_SSL	true	Verify TLS certificates
LOOKER_LOG_LEVEL	INFO	Logging level
LOOKER_MCP_MODE	dev	dev (permissive) or public (OAuth 2.1 resource-server, MCP 2025-11-25). See MCP-Level Authentication.
LOOKER_MCP_JWKS_URI		Authorization server JWK Set URL (RFC 7517). Required when LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public. Must be an https:// URL.
LOOKER_MCP_ISSUER_URL		Expected iss claim (RFC 8414). Required when LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public. Must be an https:// URL.
LOOKER_MCP_RESOURCE_URI		This server's canonical URI for RFC 8707 audience binding and the RFC 9728 PRM resource field. Required when LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public. Must be an https:// URL without fragment.
LOOKER_MCP_AUTH_TOKEN		Static bearer token for MCP-level authentication. Deprecated — emits a warning in dev mode, rejected outright in public mode (RFC 9068 §2.1 forbids symmetric static bearers for OAuth 2.1 access tokens). Scheduled for removal in a future major release; migrate to LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public.

Authentication & Impersonation

The server supports three authentication modes, selected automatically based on configuration and request headers.

Mode 1: Service Account (API Key)

The simplest mode — all API calls use the configured service-account credentials.

export LOOKER_CLIENT_ID="your-api3-client-id"
export LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET="your-api3-client-secret"
export LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=false

Mode 2: Admin Sudo (Self-Hosted Looker)

An admin service account impersonates individual users via Looker's login_user API. The user is identified by an email address in the request headers (typically set by an upstream gateway).

export LOOKER_CLIENT_ID="admin-api3-client-id"
export LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET="admin-api3-client-secret"
export LOOKER_DEPLOYMENT_TYPE=self_hosted
export LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=true

When a request arrives with X-User-Email: alice@company.com, the server:

1. Logs in with admin credentials
2. Looks up Alice's Looker user ID by email
3. Creates a sudo session as Alice via login_user
4. Executes the tool call as Alice
5. Logs out both sessions

Note: On Looker (Google Cloud core), login_user only works for Embed-type users. Regular users require OAuth mode.

Mode 3: OAuth Pass-Through (Google Cloud Core)

For Looker (Google Cloud core) deployments where regular users cannot be impersonated via sudo. An upstream gateway performs OAuth token exchange and passes the user's token in a header.

export LOOKER_CLIENT_ID="fallback-api3-client-id"
export LOOKER_CLIENT_SECRET="fallback-api3-client-secret"
export LOOKER_DEPLOYMENT_TYPE=google_cloud_core
export LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=true

When a request arrives with X-User-Token: <oauth-access-token>, the server uses that token directly — no login/logout cycle needed.

If no token header is present, the server falls back to service-account mode.

Automatic Mode Selection

When LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=true (the default), the server uses a DualModeIdentityProvider that automatically routes:

• Self-hosted → sudo (via X-User-Email header)
• Google Cloud core → OAuth (via X-User-Token header)
• No identity headers → service account fallback

Per-Call Admin Impersonation (act_as_user)

Looker dev mode (workspace_id=dev) is per-user-isolated by design. Each user has their own dev workspace; uncommitted LookML changes, the active branch, and dev-mode local branches all live in the calling user's workspace. That means an admin running delete_git_branch against the admin's dev workspace does nothing about a stuck branch in another user's dev workspace.

The git tools accept an optional act_as_user argument so an admin can perform the call as a different user — typically to clean up someone else's stuck dev-workspace state without leaving the MCP for raw HTTP. Accepts either a numeric user ID or an email address (resolved to an ID via Looker's user-search API).

// Example: admin sweeping a stale CI branch out of ci-bot's dev workspace
{
  "tool": "delete_git_branch",
  "arguments": {
    "project_id": "acme_analytics",
    "branch_name": "tmp_ci_5bd8888773",
    "act_as_user": "ci-bot@example.com"
  }
}

Configuration. Per-call admin impersonation is gated by LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER — that flag is the single kill switch for sudo-capable behavior in the OSS server, and act_as_user respects it. Set LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=true (the default when admin credentials are configured) to enable. With LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=false, passing act_as_user raises a clear validation error rather than silently running the call under the configured identity — surfacing the misconfiguration at the call site instead of letting it route to the wrong user.

Security model. The MCP forwards capability — it does not gate it. Sudo permission is enforced by Looker server-side: if the configured LOOKER_CLIENT_ID does not have sudo capability, login_user returns HTTP 403 and the tool fails. There is no MCP-side "who may impersonate whom" policy in the open-source server; layer one in via a wrapping IdentityProvider if you need it (see the next section).

Tool coverage (v1). All eight git/workspace-scoped tools accept act_as_user: get_git_branch, list_git_branches, get_git_branch_by_name, create_git_branch, switch_git_branch, delete_git_branch, deploy_to_production, reset_to_production. Project-level tools (deploy keys, connection diagnostics) deliberately do not — they don't depend on per-user dev workspace state.

Audit log. Every argument-driven sudo emits an INFO-level structlog line:

{
  "event": "looker.audit.act_as_user",
  "tool": "delete_git_branch",
  "target_user_id": "77",
  "target_user_email": "ci-bot@example.com",
  "triggered_by": "argument",
  "configured_user": "admin-api3-client-id"
}

This is independent of the trace-level looker.session.sudo debug line and is the right hook for downstream audit pipelines. Header-driven sudo (gateway pattern) is tagged triggered_by="header" on the debug line — looker.audit.act_as_user fires only for explicit per-call admin impersonation.

Mode interaction. act_as_user overrides the inner identity, including OAuth and header-based sudo. This is intentional — an explicit admin override should win over implicit gateway routing — but the underlying credentials must still have sudo capability, which Looker enforces. On Google Cloud core only Embed-type users can be impersonated; for regular GCC users use Mode 3 (OAuth pass-through) instead.

Failure modes.

• act_as_user is neither all-digits nor an email (no @) → validation error rejected up front, before any Looker call. Avoids forwarding garbage to /login/{value} where it would surface as an opaque HTTP 400.
• Email does not match any Looker user → validation error. Fail-loud is deliberate; silently falling back to the configured identity would let a typo'd email run the action under the wrong user.
• LOOKER_SUDO_AS_USER=false and act_as_user is passed → validation error explaining how to fix (enable sudo or remove the argument).
• Configured credentials lack sudo capability → Looker returns 403 on login_user, surfaced as Permission denied — the current user lacks access.

Extending with Custom Identity Providers

The IdentityProvider protocol is the primary extension point for integrating with custom authentication systems.

from looker_mcp_server.identity import IdentityProvider, LookerIdentity, RequestContext
from looker_mcp_server.server import create_server
from looker_mcp_server.config import LookerConfig


class MyIdentityProvider:
    """Custom identity provider that integrates with your auth system."""

    async def resolve(self, context: RequestContext) -> LookerIdentity:
        # Extract identity from headers, tokens, etc.
        token = context.headers.get("authorization", "").removeprefix("Bearer ")

        if token:
            # Exchange for a Looker-scoped token via your auth system
            looker_token = await my_token_exchange(token)
            return LookerIdentity(mode="oauth", access_token=looker_token)

        # Fall back to service account
        return LookerIdentity(
            mode="api_key",
            client_id="your-client-id",
            client_secret="your-client-secret",
        )


# Wire it up
config = LookerConfig()
mcp, client = create_server(config, identity_provider=MyIdentityProvider())

The RequestContext provides:

• headers — HTTP request headers (empty in stdio mode)
• tool_name — name of the MCP tool being invoked
• tool_group — which group the tool belongs to
• arguments — arguments passed to the tool

MCP-Level Authentication

MCP-level authentication (who can connect to the server) has two modes, selected by LOOKER_MCP_MODE.

LOOKER_MCP_MODE=dev (default) — permissive

Intended for local development, stdio deployments, and trust-network scenarios behind an upstream gateway. Two sub-options:

1. No MCP-level auth (default) — any client that can reach the transport can connect.
2. Static bearer token (deprecated) — set LOOKER_MCP_AUTH_TOKEN and clients must present it. Emits a DeprecationWarning at startup because RFC 9068 §2.1 forbids symmetric static bearers for OAuth 2.1 access tokens, and because static bearers don't carry per-user identity or expiry. Scheduled for removal in a future major release — migrate to LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public.

LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public — OAuth 2.1 resource-server (MCP 2025-11-25)

Internet-exposed / compliance-gated deployments. The server:

• Validates every request's Authorization: Bearer <JWT> header as an OAuth 2.1 access token.
• Accepts only RS256 and ES256 signatures (RFC 9068 §2.1). HS256 is hard-rejected at header inspection to close the algorithm-confusion attack vector (CVE-2015-9235).
• Caches the authorization server's JWKS (RFC 7517) with a 1-hour TTL and throttled kid-miss refresh (≤1 forced refresh per 5 minutes).
• Enforces iss (RFC 8414) and aud (RFC 8707) claim binding.
• Serves an RFC 9728 Protected Resource Metadata document for client auto-discovery. The spec-canonical URL follows RFC 9728 §3 construction: /.well-known/oauth-protected-resource when LOOKER_MCP_RESOURCE_URI is an origin-only identifier, or /.well-known/oauth-protected-resource<resource-path> when it carries a path. The origin-rooted path is also served as a defensive fallback.
• Emits realm-bearing WWW-Authenticate challenges on 401 (RFC 7235 §4.1 + RFC 9728 §5.1) pointing clients at the PRM URL.
• Rejects URL-query bearer tokens (?access_token=, ?authorization=) with a 400 invalid_request per OAuth 2.1 §5.1.1 — URL-bound tokens leak into referrer headers, proxy logs, and browser history regardless of destination.
• Rejects LOOKER_MCP_AUTH_TOKEN outright — if the static bearer env var is set alongside LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public, the server fails to start.

Required configuration:

export LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public
export LOOKER_MCP_JWKS_URI="https://auth.example.com/.well-known/jwks.json"
export LOOKER_MCP_ISSUER_URL="https://auth.example.com"
export LOOKER_MCP_RESOURCE_URI="https://looker-mcp.example.com/mcp"

All three URIs must be absolute https:// URLs; the server fails closed at startup with a typed DeploymentPostureError if any are missing, malformed, or use http://. The LOOKER_MCP_RESOURCE_URI must not carry a fragment (RFC 9728 §3).

Deprecation timeline for LOOKER_MCP_AUTH_TOKEN

• This release (0.13.0) — deprecated in dev mode (warning emitted), rejected in public mode (startup failure).
• Future major release — removed entirely.

If you currently rely on LOOKER_MCP_AUTH_TOKEN for gateway-level MCP protection, plan the migration now: either stand up an authorization server that issues OAuth 2.1 access tokens bound to aud=<LOOKER_MCP_RESOURCE_URI>, or keep the server in dev mode behind a trusted network perimeter.

Health Endpoints

When running in HTTP mode, the server exposes:

• GET /healthz — liveness probe (always returns 200 if server is running)
• GET /readyz — readiness probe (verifies Looker connectivity with a login/logout cycle)
• GET /.well-known/oauth-protected-resource — RFC 9728 Protected Resource Metadata (only when LOOKER_MCP_MODE=public). When LOOKER_MCP_RESOURCE_URI has a path, the same document is also served at /.well-known/oauth-protected-resource<resource-path> — that is the spec-canonical URL per RFC 9728 §3, and the one referenced by resource_metadata=... in 401 WWW-Authenticate challenges.

Development

# Clone
git clone https://github.com/ultrathink-solutions/looker-mcp-server.git
cd looker-mcp-server

# Install dependencies
uv sync --locked --dev

# Run quality checks
uv run ruff check .        # lint
uv run ruff format .       # format
uv run pyright             # type check
uv run pytest tests/ -v    # tests

See CONTRIBUTING.md for contribution guidelines.

License

Apache License 2.0